Tiles/natural stone/screed application
Planning and installation guide for tile, natural stone and screed installation Different substrates, materials and areas often present a challenge when waterproofing and laying tiles and boards. We show you what is important and which systems will ensure your success. Problems solved.
Problems solved. For any requirement. In times in which restoration, renovation and modernisation gain greater significance, it is important to focus on product systems, which are suitable for every conceivable requirement. At SCHOMBURG you can find all these systems in the form of innovative and the best matched products. This installation guidebook gives you practical help and shows you solutions for each upcoming task. Further information about SCHOMBURG and our product systems can be found at www.schomburg.com.
Planning and installation guide for tile, natural stone and screed installation
Contents 6
Competency through systems
8 Installation on various substrates 9 Cement-based screed (CT), heated and unheated 10 Calcium sulphate screed (CA), heated and unheated 11 Poured asphalt (AS) in interior areas 12 Magnesite and xylolite screed (MA) 13 ‘Green’ cement-based screeds (CT) (> 28 days) 14 Concrete (> 3 months) 15 Concrete (> 6 months) 16 Chipboard and floorboards 17 Large format tiles and boards on wood substrates 18 Masonry work (lime sand blocks, bricks and aerated concrete) 19 Plaster (mortar group PII and PIII to DIN 18550) 20 Gypsum plaster (mortar group PIV to DIN 18550) 21 Gypsum fibre boards and building boards 22 Old tiled finishes 23 Metal and stainless steel 24 Critical substrates 25 Adhesive and paint residues 26 Waterproofing and laying, interior and exterior areas 27 Private bathrooms 28 Balconies and terraces 29 Balconies and terraces – AQUAFIN-TBS 30 Public showers and swimming pools 31 Fountains and swimming pools 33 Sauna areas
The information in the current technical data sheets for the products listed must be observed. These are available, along with other documentation, at schomburg.de.
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Continuation Content 34 Waterproofing and laying in special areas 35 Commercial kitchens and cool rooms 36 Hazardous areas, clean rooms, chemical, pharmaceutical and electronics industry 38 Milking parlours 39 Wastewater treatment plants 40 Installation of particular laying materials 41 Porcelain stoneware 42 Large format tiles and boards 44 Synthetic stones 45 Glass tiles and mosaics 46 Cotto 47 Natural stone 48 General information 49 Substrate evaluation and preparation 50 The correct primer for every application 52 The correct waterproofing for every application 54 The correct bedding mortar for every application 60 The correct mortar system for cotto, natural and synthetic stone 62 The correct grout for each application 63 The correct joint sealant for each application 64 ‘Green’ SCHOMBURG 69 Set of rules 72 Glossary
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From waterproofing specialist to complete system provider
The core competency of the SCHOMBURG group is due to over 80 years in the development of effective product systems for structural waterproofing and repair. Through its proximity to all market segments and substantiated research and development of innovative products, SCHOMBURG has advanced to become a supplier of complete systems for the installation of tile and stone in a variety of applications. This guidebook gives ideal installation advice for the tiling trade covering a variety of requirements. For alternative solutions, consult the "General information" category from page 50.
Priming SCHOMBURG offers a wide spectrum for substrate preparation from concentrated primers to two-component, flexible waterproofing slurries through one-component bonding agents. These primers fulfil many functions: They consolidate the substrate and bind surface dust, they reduce the absorption and guarantee an even setting of levelling compounds, they protect against damp and provide good bonding for following products. Levelling For levelling surface irregularities on the wall and floor, SCHOMBURG offers smoothing and levelling compounds which fulfil current standards and are suitable for almost all applications. In particular, large format finishes require tight tolerances in flatness. Lipping – height differences of more than one millimetre between the edges of adjacent tiles – should be avoided. Smoothing and levelling compounds leave a flat substrate and provide an exceptional basis for following work.
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De-coupling/Insulation SCHOMBURG supplies the product STEPBOARD, a polyester fibre impact sound reducing and de-coupling board available in 4 mm, 9 mm and 15 mm thicknesses. This system is predominantly used beneath ceramic tiles and boards, natural stones, synthetic stones and laminate in interior areas. Waterproofing When waterproofing, you can trust in the core competency of SCHOMBURG, grown over more than 60 years. A range of proven waterproofing materials are available for each type of application. Properties such as impermeability to water, water vapour permeability, chemical resistance as well as resistance to alkalis are but a few of the virtues that these waterproofing materials offer. SCHOMBURG provides technical solutions through a combination of progressive technology and substantiated technical knowledge. Installation Whether tile, natural stone, mosaic, cotto or ceramic. Whether thin-bed, medium-bed or thick-bed. Whether white, strong or
smooth consistency – you’ll find the correct adhesive for each covering, with reduced dust and harmless to your health. Only with suitable bedding mortar is a simple and clean installation possible. The use of unsuitable laying materials can even spoil natural stone. SCHOMBURG offers you the correct product for each application. Grouting The tiling trade is in luck with the aid of a colourful diversity of grouts and joint sealants. Finish off your project assuredly with SCHOMBURG products – for each laying material and every type of application. Inserting an unsuitable grout can make the value of the entire work questionable.
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Applying to
different substrates Each substrate has its own individual properties and therefore places different demands on the substrate preparation and the materials used. Matched products in the SCHOMBURG system offer the greatest possible success and reliability in the results.
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Installation on heated and unheated cement-based screed (CT)
2
1
Carry out a moisture test first. The carbide method moisture content may not exceed 2.0 CM% for screed on insulation or separating layers. Heated screeds must be commissioned beforehand. With bonded CT screeds, moisture measurements are not necessary.
Procedure
Product
PRIMING
Solvent free universal primer, resistant to water/alkalis
ASO-Unigrund
LEVELLING
Floor levelling compound from 2–30 mm, in interior and exterior areas
SOLOPLAN-30-PLUS
APPLYING
Smooth consistency for applying flexible adhesive
SOLOFLEX
Grey, highly flexible mortar for interior and exterior use
MONOFLEX-XL
Flexible natural stone adhesive
CRISTALLIT-FLEX
Rapid hardening flexible grout, 3–20 mm joint width
CRISTALLFUGE-FLEX
Cementitious multi-function flexible grout for tiles, natural stone and other finishes Coverings of 1–10 mm joint width with FAST TECHNOLOGY
CRISTALLFUGE-PLUS
Chemical-resistant fine grain epoxy grout, 3-component and solvent free
CRISTALLFUGE-EPOX
Silicone joint sealant for movement joints
ESCOSIL-2000
Natural stone silicone for discolouration-free grouting
ESCOSIL-2000-ST
GROUTING
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Installation on heated and unheated calcium sulphate screed (CA) 4 1
With normal moisture content: CA flow screeds must be abraded, vacuumed and, as with all calcium sulphate substrates, primed with ASO-Unigrund. Heated screeds must be heated in accordance with recognised standards before
installation of coverings. Moisture measurement should be carried out with the CM device to assess whether it is ready for laying on. (CA screeds without floor heating system: 0.5 CM%, CA screeds with floor heating system: 0.3 CM%)
Procedure 1
Product Solvent free universal primer, resistant to water/alkalis
For use when installing large format tiles and boards that are spread with quartz sand while the primer is still wet
ASODUR-GBM
Floor levelling compound for floor surfaces, 2 – 30 mm, in interior areas
SOLOPLAN-30-CA
Smooth consistency for applying flexible adhesive S1
Rapid hardening, ductile flexible adhesive S1 for interior and exterior use
MONOFLEX-fast
Accelerated hardening, fluidised bed flexible mortar
MONOFLEX-FB
Flexible thin-bed mortar for CA screeds, prevents the formation of ettringite
UNIFIX-AEK
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Interior installation on poured asphalt (AS) 5 4
3 2 1
In order to install tiles on poured asphalt, this must be of minimum quality AS-IC 10 and have a minimum thickness of 25 mm. The asphalt screed must have from 10 – 15 mm movement joints against adjoining building components, which are to be brought through to the final floor surface. If the screed is newly installed, ensure that it is fully covered with quartz sand. If this is not the
case, then the substrate must be primed with an epoxy resin such as ASODUR-GBM spread with 0.2 – 0.7 mm aggregate quartz sand while still wet, before waterproofing or tiling.
Universal priming with epoxy base
Applied to a maximum layer thickness of 10 mm
DE-COUPLING/ INSULATION
Thermally insulating impact sound deadening and de-coupling board,
STEPBOARD
Deformable, rapid hardening flexible adhesive for heavy loads, also for natural stone, with FAST TECHNOLOGY
UNIFIX-S3-fast
5
4/9/15 mm
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Installation on magnesite and xylolite screed (MA)
3 1
Direct contact between cement-based tile adhesives and magnesite screeds leads to the destruction of the magnesite screed due to a chemical reaction known as ‘magnesite pouring’. Moisture pressure from the rear of the substrate must be prevented through appropriate measures. Mechanically roughen the
magnesite substrate, prime with the epoxy resin ASODUR-GBM and, while the primer is still wet, spread to excess with 0.5 - 1.0 mm aggregate quartz sand. Tiles can be installed after waiting a further 12 – 16 hours approximately.
Floor levelling compound for floor surfaces, when using on magnesite screeds do not exceed a max. layer thickness of 15 mm
,4
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Installation on green cement-based screed (CT) (> 28 days) 3
2 1
By using the highly flexible tile adhesive UNIFIX-S3/UNIFIX-S3-fast it is possible to lay tiles on a 'green' cement-based screed as soon as it is able to bear foot traffic. When laying tiles on 'green' cement-based screed the not yet completed setting process of the screed and the resultant low strength must be taken into account.
No heavy loads can be set down on the substrate. Laitance layers must be removed before laying the tiles. When laying natural stones, it is essential that only materials that are tolerant of discolouration and deformation are used.
WATERPROOFING
Crack-bridging mineral-based waterproofing slurry
AQUAFIN-2K/M-PLUS
Highly ductile flexible adhesive for heavy duty areas to compensate for substrate stresses
UNIFIX-S3
Highly ductile, rapid setting flexible adhesive for heavy duty areas to compensate for substrate stresses
NOTE This type of installation does not comply with the generally recognised rules of technology and must be contractually agreed separately.
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Installation on concrete (> 3 months)
In accordance with DIN 18157 the installation of tiles to dense concrete is only recommended after 6 months at the earliest. Causes for damage are the high shrinkage stresses that ‘green’ concrete substrates exhibit. In our experience, when installing on ‘green’ substrates, only highly elastic tile adhesives such as UNIFIX-S3 or UNIFIX-S3-fast are recommended. Only a product
which exhibits this type of highly deformable technological profile – reliably dissipating high shear forces – can be used. Before installing the tiles, it is mandatory to prepare the substrate using shot blasting, high pressure washing or similar techniques.
Highly ductile flexible adhesive for high loads
NOTE Ensure that there is no rising damp coming from the substrate. This type of installation does not comply with the generally recognised rules of technology and must be contractually agreed separately.
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Installation on concrete (> 6 months)
Before waterproofing and tiling concrete substrates it is mandatory to prepare the substrate using shot blasting, high pressure washing or similar techniques in order to remove laitance layers present.
One-component, flexible waterproofing slurry, wall/floor
AQUAFIN-1K-PREMIUM
Non-woven laminated, sheet-like bonded waterproof system
SANIFIN
,3
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Installation of tiles and boards on chipboard and floorboards 4 1
Wood substrates must be clean, dry and load bearing. Chipboard must be laid bonded, screwed and glued. Faulty wood/board substrates must be replaced, loose floor boards must be professionally fixed (e.g. screws, etc.). Seal joints between boards, planks. Please refer to our
additional Technical Information No. 10.
Rapid drying, quartz-filled dispersion primer for absorbent and nonabsorbent substrates
ASO-Unigrund-S
,2
Self-levelling fibre-reinforced cement-based floor levelling compound for wood substrates, min. 10 mm thickness
SOLOPLAN-FA
Thermally insulating impact sound deadening and de-coupling board, 4/9/15 mm
OPTIONAL
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Installation of large format tiles and boards on wood substrates 4 3 2
The epoxy resin light screed ASODUR-LE offers a particularly rapid, light and water-free solution for simultaneous levelling of substrates. When installing large format tiles with an edge length over 40 cm and a surface area over 0.18 m2, we recommend the following construction design:
Universal priming with epoxy base In rooms in which AgBB regulations apply, prime with the binder from ASODUR-LE
Lightweight epoxy resin screed
ASODUR-LE
Lightweight, low dust flexible adhesive for thin, medium and thick-bed installation techniques
LIGHTFLEX
Polymer dispersion
UNIFLEX-F
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Installation on lime sand blocks, bricks and aerated concrete masonry work
Blocks with binders (e.g. limestone blocks) must have reached an age of at least 6 months before installation of tile and boards (6 months after the production of the block) in order to prevent damage to the tiles, which can be traced back to shrinkage stresses.
LEVELLING OPTIONAL
Non-slump, cement-based, rapid hardening, polymer-modified, low-stress and smooth consistency levelling compound, 2–50 mm
SOLOCRET-50
Simple to use grout, up to 6 mm joint widths
CRISTALLFUGE
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Laying on plaster (mortar group PII and PIII to DIN 18550)
All plasters beneath ceramic tiles or natural stone must be struck off tightly with a straight edge. The surface must remain rough and may not be smoothened or felt boarded. To enable an orderly tile installation, increased requirements for flatness of the plaster should be contractually stipulated.
4 3 2 1
Rapid hardening, highly non slump flexible adhesive for interior and exterior use
SOLOFLEX-fast
Flexible adhesive mortar with good slump resistance
MONOFLEX
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Installation on gypsum plaster (mortar group PIV to DIN 18550)
4 1
All plasters beneath ceramic tiles or natural stone must be struck off tightly with a straight edge. The surface must remain rough and may not be smoothened or felt boarded. Gypsum plaster is only suitable as a substrate for domestic bathrooms.
Grey, highly flexible mortar S1 for interior and exterior use
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Installation on gypsum fibre boards and building boards
Gypsum fibre board is only permitted as a substrate for moderately exposed wall surfaces in rooms, such as domestic bathrooms. The building board must be protected against moisture damage with a bonded tiled waterproofing.
Procedure 1 /
Brush, roller or trowel applied waterproof coating for walls and floors
SANIFLEX
Smooth consistency for applying flexible adhesives
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Installation on old tiled finishes
1a
The existing tiled finish must be firm and load bearing. Remove loose areas and level with MGIII cement-based mortar. The substrate must be cleaned and all adhesion inhibiting components, such as lime, grease, dirt, etc., must be removed.
Resin repair cracks in the substrate with a reaction resin. Abrading the old tiled finish increases the bond of the primer or scratch coat.
1a OPTIONAL
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Installation on metal and stainless steel
It is necessary to clean the surface until free from grease and remove any possible existing corrosion. Where necessary, the metal must be abraded and primed. Wipe over stainless steel sparingly with INDU-Primer-N. Before installing tiles and boards,
apply an intermediate flexible layer of ASOFLEX-AKB. Due to the range of metals, we recommend seeking technical advice for the application.
Product Primer and adhesion promoter for non-absorbent substrates
INDU-Primer-N
Waterproofing material bonded with tile and board coverings, for wall or floor as required
ASOFLEX-AKB
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Installation on critical substrates
When carrying out building conversions or renovation work, critical substrates are often encountered. They have to be levelled, de-coupled and impact sound transmission reduced before installing tiles. Here the impact sound deadening and
de-coupling board STEPBOARD can be used. To reliably prevent height differences, it is recommended that existing cracks in the substrate are adhesively sealed, e.g. ASODUR-K900.
Rapid drying, quartz-filled dispersion primer for absorbent and non-absorbent substrates
The selection depends on the substrate and demands of the area in use
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Installation on substrates with adhesive and paint residues
3 1a
Water soluble paints and adhesive residues must be removed. Lacquers or oil-based paints must be abraded as necessary. Prevent or impede rising damp from the substrate.
1a 2
3 4
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Waterproofing and laying interior and exterior areas
Whether swimming pools, brine pools or saunas – with SCHOMBURG you can fall back on intelligent systems for ideal installation and waterproofing solutions. Due to perfectly matched individual components, you will achieve the best quality and save considerably in time and costs.
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Waterproofing and laying in private bathrooms
4 2
Due to the grouting, tiled and board finishes are not water tight. Therefore, in areas exposed to water, they require waterproofing in order to protect the substrate against moisture.
Self-levelling, cement-based levelling compound, 2–30 mm
Sealing foil that can be spread, rolled and applied by spatula
Joint tape for bridging bay sizing joints and connecting joints
ASO-Joint-Tape-2000
Silicone joint sealant for use with natural stone
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Waterproofing and laying on balconies and terraces
3 2
The selection of a suitable system is very important for the sound installation of stone and ceramic on balconies and terraces. Due to different expansion of the materials used, stresses occur
in the build-up of the layers, due to the temperature changes experienced. These must be permanently compensated.
Water-repellent, rapid hardening, screed mortar with high strength
ASO-EZ4-PLUS
ASO-Joint-Tape-120
Cement-based, water impermeable grout with improved mechanical and chemical resistance for joint widths from 3 – 20 mm
CRISTALLFUGE-HF
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Reliable waterproofing and laying on terraces and balconies AQUAFIN-TBS System with the highest safety factor proven over decades
4 3 2 YEARS
Decades of experience has resulted in the development of a reliable system for waterproofing and laying of ceramic coverings on terraces and balconies. The AQUAFIN-TBS system is underpinned by a 10-year guarantee from
the professional user. The individual system components are available as rapid setting and normal setting variants.
Water-repellent, rapid hardening screed mortar with high strength
Flexible, cementitious, vapour-permeable waterproofing slurry for increased demands in interior and exterior areas
AQUAFIN-RS300
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Waterproofing and laying in public showers and swimming pools
In commercially used wet areas, a particular type of waterproofing is necessary due to the large amounts of water present. The use of bonded waterproof systems (including the bedding mortar for the tiles and boards) protects all building components against moisture.
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Waterproofing and laying in fountains and swimming pools
In order to impede the penetration of bathing water in the levelling layer and the concrete construction of swimming pools, suitable and approved waterproofing systems bonded with the tiled finish are used. Procedure 1
ASODUR-SG3-thix
Water-repellent multi-mortar up to 30 mm
ASOCRET-M30
When levelling is required, a cement replacement system can be used together with a bond coat
ASOCRET-BIS-5/40
2 WATERPROOFING Flexible, cementitious, vapour-permeable waterproofing slurry for increased demands in interior and exterior areas
4 GROUTING
Special waterproof tape for heavy duty exposure and highly demanding areas
ASO-Joint-Tape-2000-S
Highly flexible tile adhesive
Cementitious, flexible thin-bed mortar
Chemical-resistant, thin-bed mortar based on epoxy resin
ASODUR-EKF
Chemical-resistant fine grain epoxy grout
Silicone joint sealant for underwater areas
ESCOSIL-2000-UW ESCOSIL-2000-ST
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Waterproofing and laying in sauna areas
4 3 1
Sauna landscapes have different areas (e.g. dry saunas, steam saunas, showers and other wet rooms) which are subject to different levels of exposure. The waterproofing and installation systems must therefore be adapted to the respective load range.
Due to high levels of exposure to steam in a steam sauna, the waterproofing and installation system must also have a vapour barrier function. This can only be fulfilled by reaction resin systems.
Epoxy resin-based barrier primer
Trowellable, chemically-resistant, vapour barrier-bonded, polyurethane-based waterproof system
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Waterproofing and laying special areas
Whether commercial kitchens, clean rooms, milking or sewage treatment plants – with SCHOMBURG products you are always on the safe side, even in special areas. Perfectly matched system components offer safety for planners and installers.
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Waterproofing and laying in commercial kitchens and cool rooms In commercial kitchens and cool rooms with surfaces to be clad in stone or ceramic, there are considerations, dependent on the area, related to exposure to aggressive media such as lactic acid, fatty acids, blood, cleaning materials, etc., for example. The choice of the waterproofing and installation system is geared towards chemical exposure. The corresponding ranges of the applicable load group must be specified by the planner in accordance with the ZDB data sheet or DIN 18534.
The optional use of a conductive strip and conductive lacquer between primer and the waterproofing membrane gives the possibility of a non-destructive test for impermeability of the membrane using a spark coil test to DIN 55670 under high voltage. The time consuming and costly testing of the waterproofing measures via a trial fill of the waterproofed area with water can be dispensed with.
Product When levelling is required, a cement replacement system can be used together with a bond coat
Trowel-off, chemically-resistant bonded polyurethane-based waterproof system
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Conductive installation in hazardous areas, clean rooms, chemical, pharmaceutical and electronics industry
Electrostatic charge must be prevented in many sensitive industrial and medicinal areas. Vapours, gases or dust can ignite as a result of electrostatic discharge. In addition, electric fields can accumulate due to electrostatic charge build-up, which can destroy or damage electronic components. Therefore a conductive finish is always mandatory in petrol stations.
laboratories, chemical and electronics industries, computer areas, clean rooms and operating theatres, etc. The goal is to reduce the resistance to earth to such a level that electrostatic charge can be dissipated in non-critical areas.
Cementitious system Procedure
Self-adhesive conductive earthing strip in a < 4 x 4 m grid
ASO-LB
Conductive dispersion for pre-mixing with the gauging water for the cementitious tile adhesive
ELEKTRON-PLUS
Conductive dispersion for pre-mixing with the mixing water for CRISTALLFUGE-HF
ELEKTRON-PLUS CRISTALLFUGE-HF
Polyurethane jointing compound for heavily exposed areas
INDUFLEX-PU
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The use of conductive tiles or those with a conductive glaze is a prerequisite.
Within the SCHOMBURG product range you will find a cementitious system as well as an epoxy resin-based system in order to cope with all the economical, mechanical and chemical demands and, not least, all safety aspects.
Epoxy resin-based system Procedure 1
Product Self-adhesive conductive earthing strip in a < 4 x 4 m grid
Epoxy resin-based conductive lacquer
ASO-LL
Components for producing an especially low shunt resistance 2
2-component epoxy resin binder
ASODUR-EK/C
Conductive quartz sand to be added to the epoxy resin binder
ASO-LQ
Polyurethane jointing compound for heavy duty movement joints
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Waterproofing and laying in milking parlours 5 2
Milking parlours when correctly installed to suit demands should help a smooth continuous and efficient milking process to be carried out. The use of anti-slip tiles which are safe underfoot meets the intense requirements for cleaning and hygiene.
The bonded tiled system must also be highly resistant to chemicals and mechanical stresses.
Alternatively a bonded screed together with a bonding slurry can be installed
The waterproofing is carried out with different colours of the chemicallyresistant polyurethane waterproof membrane ASOFLEX-AKB with ASO-Joint-Tape-2000-S. The last coat is sanded with quartz sand.
ASOFLEX-AKB ASO-Joint-Tape-2000-S
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Waterproofing and laying in sewage treatment plants 5 22
33
44
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Concrete surfaces in wastewater treatment plants are permanently subjected to chemical, biological and mechanical stresses. Areas with vehicular traffic are also subjected to a high load and fitted with wearing tiles as a rule. For this reason, there are intense
demands on the waterproofing and installation systems.
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Installation of particular laying materials Installation of laying materials such as natural stone, porcelain stoneware, mosaic or even large format tiles and boards present a particular challenge in the selection of suitable products and in their application. SCHOMBURG offers safe solutions and systems for reliably installing even special laying materials.
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Installation of porcelain stoneware 3 2 1
Porcelain stoneware tiles are designated as tiles with water absorption of ≤ 0.5%. This concerns a fully vitrified laying material with an extremely high density. To install porcelain stoneware tiles, polymer modified bedding
mortars are needed in order to produce optimum bonding to the very dense surface of the tile. Grouts with accelerated binding are particularly suitable for the grouting of porcelain stoneware tiles.
See also table of contents "Installation on various substrates" and "Waterproofing and laying, for interior and exterior use".
WATERPROOFING OPTIONAL
Rapid hardening, ductile flexible adhesive S1
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Installation of large format tiles and boards 4 3 2 1
A prerequisite for the installation of large format tiles and boards is a flat substrate. The larger the tiles, the flatter the substrate needs to be. A substrate that conforms to the requirements of DIN 18 202 for producing surfaces is not always adequate for the installation of large format tiles. Levelling of unevenness and irregularities during tiling is almost impossible with large format tiles. Plasters and screeds must therefore be largely flat. If this is not the case, then a levelling coat will be needed. Various levelling materials are suitable such as SOLOPLAN-30-PLUS, SOLOPLAN-30-CA (self-levelling) or SOLOCRET-15 (non slump).
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Above a format of 40/40 cm, apply a contact layer to the rear of the tile or board. If this contact coat is not adequate to fully cover the rear of the tile, then use the floating buttering method. When an adequate bond between the laying material and the substrate is achieved, then any stresses that occur can be reliably dispelled, thus preventing stress cracks in the finish. Any residual moisture present beneath the tiling e.g. from the concrete slab, screed and bedding mortar, can only very slowly dry out through the small number of joints. Where substrates are sensitive to moisture, this can lead to damage. The appropriate primer should be used to afford adequate protection.
Product Calcium sulphate screeds: Universal priming with epoxy base
Cement-based screeds: Solvent-free primer for interior and exterior use *
Calcium sulphate screeds: Floor levelling compound up to 30 mm
Cement-based screeds: Floor levelling compound up to 2–30 mm for interior and exterior use
Non-slump, rapid hardening levelling compound up to 50 mm
LIGHTFLEX 1)
MONOFLEX-XL 1)
MONOFLEX-FB 1)
CRISTALLIT-FLEX 1)
* See also table of contents "Installation on various substrates" and "Waterproofing and laying, for interior and exterior use". 1) F or cement-based thin-bed mortars, we recommend the addition of polymer dispersion coatings such as UNIFLEX-F to compensate for stresses that occur between the substrate and the ceramic covering material.
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Installation of synthetic stones 3 2 1
Synthetic stones are agglomerates of natural stones, which are bound with cement or resin. A few of these materials have pronounced expansion. As a rule, they can be laid with a highly polymer-modified thin-bed mortar with rapid crystalline binding of the mixing water.
A few of these materials, especially those with high serpentinite components can ‘curl’ which can only be prevented by installing with a reaction resin adhesive. Our technical department is available for individual advice.
Preparatory work depends on the type of substrate and its condition, followed by waterproofing appropriate to the wear class. See also table of contents "Installation on various substrates" and "Waterproofing and laying, for interior and exterior use".
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Epoxy resin-based, chemical-resistant mortar
Natural stone medium bed mortar S1, 2 - 30 mm
CRISTALLIT-FLEX-max
Installation of glass tiles and mosaics 3 2 1
Glass tiles and mosaics are translucent or transparent with a coating to the rear. Without a rear coating, the bedding mortar is visible. Selecting a white bedding mortar intensifies the colour of the glass tile or mosaic. CRISTALLFUGE-EPOX can be used for the installation and grouting of translucent glass mosaics for equal colour. To achieve good bonding to the glass, a highly modified
bedding mortar should be used. Optimum results are achieved, as a rule with epoxy resin-based adhesives, which can also serve as the grouting for glass tiles and mosaics.
Procedure 2
1) Modified with UNIFLEX-F
AQUAFIN-2K/M-PLUS AQUAFIN-RS300
White flexible adhesive for installation using thin-bed techniques
MONOFLEX-white 1)
White, rapid hardening, flexible adhesive for installation in thin-bed techniques
UNIFIX-S3-fast 2)
2) Not for installation in underwater areas
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Installation of cotto 3 2 1
Cotto is an elaborate production process from fired clay material with a quite particular charm. Particular care and practical knowledge is needed to install cotto. Installation on damp screeds can quickly lead to efflorescence. In order to keep drying times short, a thin- or medium-bed adhesive with rapid crystalline binding of the mixing water should be used. Before grouting, it is recommended to impregnate the dry tiles in order to ease
the wash-off process during grouting. Once hardened, the tiles must be meticulously acid washed. This is still necessary with a cleanly washed surface to remove the tiles own lime. The covering must then thoroughly dry out before the final treatment with cotto wax or oil is applied.
Cleaner for removing cement or lime contamination
ASO-R005
Silicone joint sealant, neutral curing, free from plasticisers
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Installation of natural stone 3 2 1
Natural stone offers fascinating variations in structure and surfaces that make the whole area unique. The atmosphere of a room is especially enhanced by natural products. An assured and effective alternative is offered by the CRISTALLIT natural stone
range. The mixing water is quickly bound in a crystalline way and is only in contact with the laying material for a very short time.
Dependent on the substrate, as a rule with: Acrylic dispersion concentrate *
ASO-Unigrund-K
Dependent on the substrate and area of application, e.g. Floor levelling compound from 2–30 mm in interior and exterior areas for cement-based substrates
Floor levelling compound for floor surfaces up to 30 mm in interior areas for calcium sulphate bound substrates *
Grey, highly flexible thin-bed and medium-bed adhesive with rapid crystalline binding of the mixing water, FAST TECHNOLOGY
ementitious multi-function flexible grout for tiles, natural stone and other finishes C Coverings of 1–10 mm joint width with FAST TECHNOLOGY
Silicone joint sealant, neutral curing, for natural stone
* See also table of contents "Installation on various substrates" and "Waterproofing and laying, for interior and exterior use".
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General information for planning and execution
The planning and execution of a successful tile installation depends on a number of different factors. We will show you what you need to consider when evaluating and preparing the substrate, for example, and which choice for different floor and wall surfaces or also for the different water impact classes and DIN standards is right for you.
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Substrate evaluation and preparation Methods, requirements, and options
One of the most important requirements for permanent success during application of decorative or protective coatings is professional examination, evaluation, and preparation of the substrate. The substrate must be prepared so that an ideal connection between the concrete surface and the applied system is achieved.
Inspection The inspection enables accumulations on the Substrates to be coated (dirt, dust, mortar splashes, etc.), loose and crumbling components, condensate, cracks, and rough unevenness to be determined. Testing evenness The permitted measurement tolerances are described in DIN 18202 "Tolerances in building construction". Inspection takes place with a measuring stick and a measuring wedge.
Moisture measurement The moisture measurement is a test to determine the suitability of the substrate for coating, which is measured with a CM measuring device. The max. moisture content for plastic resin priming and coatings is ≤ 4.0 CM- %. In case of special priming coats, the moisture may also be higher. Electronic moisture measuring devices can in fact be used for nondestructive measurement, since the exactness is nevertheless is not present, but they certainly provide a starting point.
Knock test Knocking with a hammer enables hollow position and thin, hard laitance layers to be detected according to changes in sound patterns.
Pressure resistance test A rebound hammer (Schmidt hammer) can be used to non-destructively test the compressive strength of the concrete at one point at a time.
Wetting test Application of water, e.g. with a brush, tests the absorption ability of the substrate. The water must be absorbed by the substrate within a short amount of time. If this is not the case, this could be an indicator of high moisture, separating agent residues. cement slurry, or similar.
Crack repair (floor surfaces) Prior to applying the primer, cracks must be opened cleaning and professionally sealed with injection resin and inserted steel clamps (injection resin system ASODUR-K900 as a secure and clean solution).
Grid scratch test Diamond-shaped scratches on the surface of the substrate using the grid scratch testing device enable the surface condition (layers, hardness, etc.) to be evaluated. No breakages may be present at intersections along with simultaneous scratch resistance.
Repairing holes and damaged voids The evenness of the substrate must be prepared prior to applying the primer, and a robust, highly durable epoxy resin mortar is especially well-suited (e.g. ASODUR-EMB). Suitable tools are spatulas and floats.
Producing a fillet A fillet is created in the wall-base connection area with epoxy resin mortar. This makes a secure connection with the subsequent coatings possible, and damaging influences from chemicals and humidity are able to be prevented. Milling Flat removal millimetres up to multiple centimetres is possible to level out unevenness. Shot blasting The most conventional method for preparing the substrate to create an equal, open-pored roughness. Grinding Mechanical surface processing with less material removal. High-pressure water jetting Uses for poorly accessible floor surfaces and vertical surfaces. Sandblasting and water-sandblasting Removal of adhesion inhibiting surface components on vertical surfaces as well. Sweeping and vacuuming Removal of loose fine particles after the actual surface preparation. Surface tensile strength Specification of surface tensile strength by vertically pulling off an adhered peel-off stamp. The minimum tensile strength for coating work is 1.5 N/mm².
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The right primer for every application
ASO-Unigrund-GE
ASODUR-SG2
ASODUR-SG2-thix
ASODUR-V360W
ASODUR-SG3superfast
ASODUR-SG3thix
Primers for subsequent tiling (without waterproofing)
Concrete
++
Cement-based screed
Calcium sulphate screed 4)
Calcium sulphate flow screed 1) 4)
Substrate floor surfaces
Xylolite/magnesite screed Mastic asphalt screed
ASODUR-LE epoxy resin coating
++ o
Terrazzo or stone floors 2)
o
Existing tiled finishes
++ 3)
Substrate wall surfaces Concrete
Lime-cement plaster, cement plaster
Gypsum plaster
Gypsum plasterboard
Aerated concrete
Existing tiled finishes Chipboard ++ particularly suitable
o limited suitability
1) Calcium sulphate screeds must be abraded and be ready to apply finishes. 2) Terrazzo and stone flooring must be free from separating layers. 3) Lightly abrade tiled finishes with 20 or 40 grit paper. 4) When fixing large format tiles, prime with ASODUR-GBM.
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++ ++
NOTE When using ASODUR primers, spread quartz sand onto the primer while it is still wet. The technical data sheets of the listed products should be observed.
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The correct waterproofing for water exposure Reclassification according to DIN 18531, DIN 18534, DIN 18535
Application areas
Standard
Water exposure class
DIN 18534:
W0-I: low
Areas in rooms subject to direct and indirect exposure in which service water and cleaning water are not very often used, e.g. in domestic bathrooms, hotel bathrooms.
W1-I: moderate
Areas exposed to direct and indirect exposure in exterior areas with non-pressurised water, e.g. on balconies and terraces (not above used rooms).
DIN 18531-5:
Directly and indirectly exposed areas in rooms in which very frequent or prolonged use is made of service and cleaning water.
W2-I: high
Surfaces of containers subjected to water under pressure, e.g. public and private indoor and outdoor swimming pools.
DIN 18535:
W1-B Fill level ≤ 5 m W2-B Fill level ≤ 10 m
Directly and indirectly exposed areas in rooms in which very frequent or prolonged use is made of service and cleaning water with limited chemical stress on the waterproofing, e.g. in commercial kitchens and laundries.
× 1 no waterproofing required if water-repellent surface × 2 only on walls
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W3-I: very high
Water exposure
Usable seals SANIFLEX
AQUAFIN- AQUAFIN1K-PREMIUM 2K/M-PLUS
AQUAFINRS300
ASOFLEXAKB
×1
×
Waterproofing for balconies, loggias and arcades (usable platform that is not located above a used room).
–
High Areas with frequent exposure to splash water and/ or service water, mainly on the floor but temporarily intensified by accumulating water.
×2
×4
×3
x
Low Areas with less frequent effect of splash water. Examples • Areas of wall surfaces above wash-basins in bathrooms and sinks in domestic kitchens. • Areas of floor surfaces in domestic areas without drains, e.g. in kitchens, utility rooms, guest WCs.
Moderate Surfaces with less frequent effect of service water, without increase in accumulating water. Examples • Wall surfaces above bathtubs and in showers in bathrooms. • Floor surfaces in the domestic area with drain. • Floor surfaces in bathrooms with/without drain without high exposure to water from the shower area.
Example • Wall surfaces of showers in sports facilities/commercial sites. • Floor surfaces with drains and/or gutters.
Waterproofing of tanks and pools
– Very high Surfaces with very frequent or long-lasting exposure to splash and/or service water and/or water from intensive cleaning procedures, intensified by accumulating water. Examples • Surfaces related to swimming pools. • Areas in industrial sites (professional kitchens, laundries, breweries).
× 3 only if no additional chemical action × 4 sealing surfaces with additional chemical effects, if necessary, in accordance with PG-AIV
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The right bedding mortar for every application ++ particularly suitable
Substrates/Application
Information on Subsurface preparation
Primer
Plasters PG II-III in accordance with DIN 18550
Remove excess plaster
Masonry work in accordance with DIN 1053, Part 1
Masonry work flat and fully grouted, apply reinforced plaster to mixed masonry work, masonry work of stones bonded with binder min. 6 months old
Minimum age 6 months 5)
Remove laitance layers if necessary, e.g. using shot blasting, high-pressure cleaner
Minimum age 3 months 5)
Minimum age 28 days 5)
Dry lining boards, e.g. gypsum fibre boards in accordance with DIN 18181, gypsum fibre, mesh-reinforced polystyrene
Adequately load-bearing and suitable as a substrate for tile installation
Ceramic coverings, natural and synthetic stone well bonded, load bearing
Clean and degrease, abrade if necessary
Apply ASO-Unigrund-S or scratch coat with AQUAFIN-2K/M-PLUS
Paints and coatings well bonded, load bearing
Remove emulsion paints, abrade lacquers and oil paints. We recommend a trial adhesion. Ensure that there is no rising damp coming from the substrate.
Styrofoam, e.g. bath panels
Contact coat with MONOFLEX, LIGHTFLEX, SOLOFLEX
Wood substrates, load bearing, e.g. chipboard on rigid studwork
Additional screws as necessary, test for suitability
Wall coverings, for interior and exterior use
ASO-Unigrund-S, STEPBOARD 9 or 15 mm
Floor finishes for the interior Heated cement-based screeds in accordance Adhesively seal cracks present with ASODUR-K900 with DIN 18560, separating layer or and sand off insulation, minimum age 28 days and residual moisture < 2.0% by the carbide CM method
Heated cement-based screeds in accordance Follow the heating process with DIN 18560, separating layer or insulation, minimum age 28 days and residual moisture < 2.0% by the carbide CM method
‘Green’ cement-based screed 1) on separating Non sanded, follow heating process after tiling. layer or insulation heated and unheated, will take foot traffic (min. 3 days old) in accordance with DIN 18560, load bearing 3) In exterior and wet areas, waterproofing is always required before installing tiles and boards. You will find the suitable products in the product overview. If there are no deviating specifications, then DIN 18157 is compulsory regarding substrate, substrate preparation and installation. 4) Only use together with the bonded waterproof membrane ADF-Balkonfolie.
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1) When installing tiles on ‘green’ cement-based screeds, the fact that the binding process of the screed is not yet complete and will consequently have lower strength must be taken into account. Do not place any heavy loads (e.g. pallets of tiles, etc.) on the substrate. 2) When installing natural and synthetic stones, take into account the specific properties of the laying material. We recommend trial layings. Dependent on the covering, coat as necessary with UNIFLEX-F.
R2 T
CRISTALLFGEEPOX
C2 FE S1
CRISTALLITFLEX-max
C2 FT
C1 T
ADF-SystemkleberFB
C1 FE
C2 TE S1
C2 TE
AK7P
C2 FTE S1
MONOFLEX-white
C2 FTE S2
C1 TE S2
Classification in accordance with DIN EN 12004/bedding mortar
5) When bonding with ASODUR-EKF, priming must first be carried out with ASODUR-GBM spread with 0.2 – 0.7 mm quartz sand. 6) M odify with UNIFLEX-F dependent on the area of application 2 to 8.33 kg UNIFLEX-F/25 kg. Table continues nexttechnical page data sheets for the products listed must be observed. The information in theon current These are available, along with other documentation, at schomburg.de.
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Continuation of bedding mortar table ++ particularly suitable
Notes for substrate preparation
Calcium sulphate screeds in accordance with DIN 18560 and calcium sulphate bound substrates, e.g. levelling compounds, unheated
Abrade screed, moisture content < 0.5% acc. to CM method, exclude rising damp from the substrate
ASODUR-GBM, ASO-Unigrund-S, ASO-Unigrund-GE
Calcium sulphate screeds in accordance with DIN 18560 and calcium sulphate bound substrates, e.g. levelling compounds, heated
Abrade screed, moisture content < 0.3% acc. to CM method, exclude rising damp from the substrate
Calcium sulphate screeds in accordance with DIN 18560 and calcium sulphate bound substrates, e.g. levelling compounds, heated and unheated with a moisture content < 1.5% or < 1.0% acc. to the carbide CM method.
Abrade screed, exclude rising damp from the substrate
ASO-Unigrund-K, MV 1:3 or ASO-Unigrund-GE ASO-Unigrund-S
Minimum age 6 months, concrete in accordance with DIN 1045 4) 5)
Remove laitance layers, e.g. grit blasting
Minimum age 3 months, concrete in accordance with DIN 1045 4) 5)
Magnesite screeds heated in accordance with DIN 18560
Ensure that there is no rising damp coming from the substrate
ASODUR-V360W, sprinkle with 0.2 – 0.7 mm quartz sand
Magnesite screeds unheated in accordance with DIN 18560
Poured asphalt screeds of hardness class IC10 in accordance with DIN 18560
Only for interiors, screeds must be rubbed down with sand, prime shiny screeds with ASODUR-GBM if necessary.
ASODUR-GBM, sprinkle with 0.2 – 0.7 mm quartz sand
PVC covering well bonded, load bearing
Clean with wax remover, abrade/roughen
Scratch coat with UNIFIX-S3
Wood substrates, load bearing, e.g. chipboard, parquet, floor boards
Prime wood substrate with ASODUR-GBM and lay ASODUR-LE while primer is still wet. Additional screws as necessary, seal joints between floor boards, etc. with Tagomastic. Build-up with 9 or 15 mm STEPBOARD de-coupling boards.
Ceramic covering, natural and synthetic stone well bonded, load bearing
ASO-Unigrund-S or scratch coat with AQUAFIN2K/M-PLUS
Dry lining boards, e.g. gypsum fibre boards, mesh-reinforced polystyrene
Do not use gypsum-based joint fillers
Floor finishes for the interior
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ASO-Unigrund-S, ASODUR-GBM
Please note the instructions on the previous page.
o o
Table continues on next page
NOTE Observe the technical data sheets for the listed products. The recommendations do not replace technical advice. The information in the current technical data sheets for the products listed must be observed. These are available, along with other documentation, at schomburg.de.
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Exterior floor coverings without insulation layers Minimum age 6 months, concrete in accordance with DIN 1045 4) 5)
Cement-based screed, will take foot traffic (after min. 3 days) in accordance with DIN 18560, load bearing 1)
Non sanded
Clean with universal cleaner, sand if necessary
Tiled and board finishes Tile installation, earthenware tiles Tile installation, vitrified tiles Tile installation, porcelain stoneware (ceramic tiles with water absorption < 0.5%) Synthetic stone and natural stone installation, thin-bed (adhesive thickness up to 5 mm), for interior use 2) Synthetic stone and natural stone installation, medium-bed (> 5 mm adhesive thickness), for interior use 2) Glass mosaics and glass tiles 2) Large formats 2) Cotto 2)
NOTE Observe the technical data sheets for the listed products. The recommendations do not replace technical advice.
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++ 4)
o 6)
+
o 6) ++
o o 6)
o ++
1) When installing tiles on ‘green’ cement-based screeds, the fact that the binding process of the screed is not yet complete and will consequently have lower strength must be taken into account. Do not place any heavy loads (e.g. pallets of tiles, etc.) on the substrate. 2) When installing natural and synthetic stones, take into account the specific properties of the laying material. We recommend trial layings. Dependent on the covering, coat as necessary with UNIFLEX-F. 3) In exterior and wet areas, waterproofing is always required before installing tiles and boards. You will find the suitable products in the product overview. If there are no deviating specifications, then DIN 18157 is compulsory regarding substrate, substrate preparation and installation. 4) Only use together with the bonded waterproof membrane ADF-Balkonfolie. 5) When bonding with ASODUR-EKF, priming must first be carried out with ASODUR-GBM spread with 0.2 – 0.7 mm quartz sand. 6) Modify with UNIFLEX-F dependent on the area of application 2 to 8.33 kg UNIFLEX-F/25 kg. The information in the current technical data sheets for the products listed must be observed. These are available, along with other documentation, at schomburg.de.
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The right mortar system for cotto, natural and synthetic stone
Mortar layer thickness Rock
Igneous rocks
Intrusive igneous rocks (plutonite)
Extrusive igneous rocks (vulcanite)
Sedimentary rocks
Sedimentary rock
Granite
Rosa Beta, Imperial Red, Baltic brown, Lausitz, Waldstein yellow, Baltic brown, Lausitz, Waldstein yellow
Padang Crystal, Padang light, Bianco Sardo
Diorite
Fürstensteiner, Nero Tijuca
Gabbro
Impala, Nero Impala, Star Galaxy
Syenite
Cardinal, Blue Pearl
Foyaite
Azul Bahia, Namibia Blue
Rhyolite/Porphyry
Trentine Porphyry, Porfiris, Porfido
Basalt lava
Basaltino, Rhine basalt lava
Lime breccia
Breccia Aurora
Serpentine breccia
Rosso Levanto
Sandstone
Red Main sandstone, Ruhr sandstone, Abstwind sandstone (Schilfsandstein), Weser sandstone
Lime sandstone
Anröchte lime-sandstone
Tonschiefer
Porto slate, Korling slate, Mustang, Papagaios Black
Limestone
Trani, Jura yellow, Jerusalem stone, Botticino, Solnhofen limestone, Travertine fine limestone, Onyx, Bad Cannstatt, Bad Langensalza
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Moleanos Lacustrine limestone, Blaubank core stone, core stone, Belgian granite, Nero Marquina, Kleinziegenfeld, Dolomite Marble
Thassos, Bianco Carrara, Estremoz, Arabescato, Namaqua
Dolomitic marble
Palisandro, Norwegian Rose
Gneiss
Soglio, Onserone, Maggia
Transformed rocks (metamorphic rocks)
Rio Branco, Kashmir White, Imperial White, Juparana Gold, Sarizzo
Synthetic stones
Cement-based
Quarzite
Verde Spugla, Azul Imperial, Quartzite yellow, Azul Macaubas, Pacific Blue
Muscovite quartzite
Alta Quartzite
Slate
Peacock, Multicolour, Otta slate, Theuma Fruchtschiefer
Serpentinite
Verde Alpi, Verde Naoussa, Verde Tino, Rosso Levanto, Tinos Green, Tauerngrün
Artificial stone
Breccia Aurora, Alpine marble beige, Carrara white, Quarella series: "Bianco Arco Iris"
Without Serpentinite parts
Arabescato, Granite 90; Quarella series: Fantasia, Millennium, Cromatica, Granitica, Pastelli, Luciente; Omnistone series: Starlight series and others; Object-Stone: Micronite series and others; Prossime Superfici series: Luce, Cristallo, Oriente
With Serpentinite parts
Veltro 90; Quarella: Verde Tirreno, Rosso Levanto, Verde Levanto
Resin-based
Several types
Cotto
++ particularly suitable
+ suitable
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1) 25 kg of adhesive modified with 2 kg UNIFLEX-F. 2) Treat the rear of the stone with UNIFIX-S3-fast before installing using thick-bed techniques.
Thin-bed and medium-bed methods ‧ Rapid hardening ‧ Rapid
crystalline binding of the mixing water ‧ White
Rapid hardening ‧ For interior and exterior areas White
Thick-bed method ‧ Water-free ‧ Reaction resin
‧ Highly ductile ‧ Rapid hardening ‧ Rapid
‧ Rapid hardening ‧ Rapid
crystalline binding of the mixing water ‧ Grey
F or interior and exterior areas
3 – 10 mm
2 – 30 mm
up to 5 mm
15 – 50 mm
++ 2)
o 1)
++ 1)
o 1) ++ 2)
++ ++ ++
1)
NOTE ++ ++
• Where there are larger variations in stone thickness, use thick-bed installation methods with the screed mortars ASO-EZ4-PLUS or ASO-SEM. • Generally install uncalibrated natural stone tiles using medium-bed methods. • Please contact the Technical Services Department for detailed information. schomburg.com 61
The correct grout for each application
Reaction resin
Strength DIN EN 13888
CG2
CG2 WA
RG2
Joint width 3–10 mm
cement
Joint width 1–15 mm
Joint width 3–20 mm
Base material
Joint width 1–10 mm
Joint width 1.5–6 mm
Grouts for each area of application
Area of application Earthenware tile
−
Vitrified tiles
Porcelain stoneware tile1
Natural stone, sensitive to discolouration
Natural stone, not sensitive to discolouration
Cotto2
Household cleaner bath/shower
Limited chemical resistance
High chemical resistance
High mechanical resistance
Water- and stain-repellent
Glass mosaic dry area
Glass mosaic shower area
Glass mosaic underwater area
Swimming tap water
Swimming pool salt/thermal water
Swimming pool low water hardness
Balconies/terraces
*Do a trial jointing With polished porcelain stoneware, colour pigments can get stuck in the micro-pores that may be present in the surface of the boards. Therefore a strong colour contrast between tile and joint is not recommended. 2 With open-pored coverings, e.g. Cotto and hand-moulded tiles, grouting tools (e.g. Möller Chemie, Fila, Patina Fala, Stingel Chemie) may need to be used before grouting. 1
Subject to changes. The valid issue of the corresponding technical bulletin legally applies.
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++ especially suitable + suitable − not suitable
The correct joint sealant for each application
ASODUR-EP/FM
ESCOSIL-2000-UW
Joint sealants for each application
Silicone acetoxy cure
Silicone neutral oxime cure
Silicone neutral oxime cure, silicone oils
1-component polyurethane
Epoxy polyurethane
Interior areas
Exterior areas
Underwater areas
Wall areas
Floor areas
Restricted chemical exposure
Heavy duty mechanical stresses Tiles
Tiles with surface coating, e.g. Ceramicplus
Synthetic stone
Natural stone
++ ++ 1)
Glass, glass mosaics and glass tiles
Cementitious substrates, such as concrete, plaster, masonry work
Artificial stone, cement tiles Stainless steel
Cast iron
Iron, abraded
Aluminium, untreated
Aluminium, anodised
Copper
++ *
Brass
Zinc
Thinplate
Wood, glazed
Melamine resin
Plastic profiles
PVC
*Possible reaction with non-ferrous metal ("tarnishing")
1) Prime beforehand if necessary 2) Prime with suitable primer 3) Prime with ASODUR-GBM
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Distinguished Sustainability – not only in restoration but also in environmental protection. The SCHOMBURG group of companies places great emphasis on this. A range of our products has been subjected to strict testing. Certified safety From multi-purpose primers through levelling compounds, waterproofing products and on to the installation of tiles with the low dust flexible adhesive LIGHTFLEX and grouting with CRISTALLFUGE PLUS, the range is complete.
ÖKOPROFIT Since April 2014 SCHOMBURG has been engaged with the environmental project ÖKOPROFIT (Ecological Project for Integrated Environmental Technology), which supports companies with environmental and climate protecting measures. The building materials specialist from East Westphalia has now been awarded)
64 schomburg.de
the corresponding certificate for its exemplary environmental performance, which documents the success of the measures implemented. This demonstrates that the company sets new benchmarks regarding the requirements for sustainable economies, construction and ultimately also for living.
materials are free from solvents and hazardous substances. Meanwhile, many SCHOMBURG products also carry the EC1 mark or even EC1Plus. SCHOMBURG purposefully subjected its products to the strict tests and requirements in order to achieve the best protection for applicator and user. Also, SCHOMBURG products with the VOC France logo have especially environmentally friendly properties. The emissions limits are stricter than the US LEED limits for VOC emissions.
SCHOMBURG sets new benchmarks relating to the requirements for sustainable building and economies, including the health and comfort of the user in particular. This is assured, above all, by the use of low emission products.
A
URG-Sy st MB
it · SCH rhe O he
EMICODE In addition, many SCHOMBURG products also carry the EMICODE seal. EMICODE is a trademark protected logo for identifying installation materials, adhesives and construction products. These building products offer the best possible assurances against indoor air pollution. The EMICODE system forms the basis of an exactly defined test chamber determination to EN ISO 16000 with strict classification criteria. The tested building
g
BB
Ihre Si für c ft
SCHOMBURG transparently provides certification-relevant information. Standardised LEED and DGNB declarations can be downloaded from the product database at www.greenbuildingproducts.eu. Product research and documentation is made easier for planners, architects and construction companies.
e – geprü em
DGNB and LEED The adhesives and jointing compounds selected can now also be found in the Green Building product database at www.greenbuildingproducts.eu. The products listed here contribute towards points in the LEED and DGNB systems. SCHOMBURG supports its customers with successful building certification according to LEED and DGNB.
Gemeinsam mit der Deutschen Bauchemie e.V. unterstützt SCHOMBURG das Nachhaltige Bauen über Umweltproduktdeklarationen (EPDs) beim Institut Bauen und Umwelt e.V.
NOTE Additional information about the topic is available on our website at www.green-schomburg.de.
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Overview of the "distinguished products" EMICODE of the GEV
AgBB 1)
Emission class in accordance with VOC France
VOCBelgium 2)
ADF system adhesive
EC1-PLUS
A+
EC1- PLUS
ASO-Connector-Joint-Tape
ASO-Fugenbreit
EC1 -PLUS
ASODUR-B351
C
– – –
ASODUR-EB/L
ASODUR-G1270
ASODUR-G1275
ASODUR-SG3
ASODUR-SG3-superfast
ASODUR-V2250
ASOFLEX-AKB-Floor/Wall
CRISTALLFUGE -PLUS
– –
REMISIL-SI
EC1 PLUS
SOLOPLAN
EC1
1) Committee for the health-related evaluation of building products, State/Federal board in Germany in accordance with EN ISO 16000 2) In accordance with the royal decree to determine limiting values for emissions from construction products in interior rooms specific to the intended occupancy
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FAST TECHNOLOGY From 0 to 100 in 4.6 seconds. That is one good way to describe the FAST TECHNOLOGY from SCHOMBURG. Products labelled with this symbol stand out as the water is bound in a crystalline form, therefore offering protection against curling and discolouration. Initially FAST products can be applied as normal setting systems but after the pot life is exhausted, they develop their strength quickly. The working time and strength development depend on the temperature. FAST products are however noticeably less sensitive than other rapid setting systems.
Dust reduced Products that contain the reduced dust formula are identified by this symbol. Here there is a real environmental advantage, as there is less dust released during application, which in turn can lead to less unpleasant dust to be inhaled or contamination of objects and rooms.
4 in 1 The multi-talented among the SCHOMBURG products. Products with this symbol benefit from the newly developed 4-in-1 formula and can be used for the most varied of installation techniques such as thin-bed, medium-bed, thick-bed and flow-bed as well as for smoothing work. Optimum working properties complement their multi-talents.
Tile format XXL Products that are labelled with the "TILE FORMAT XXL" logo are especially suitable for the installation of large format tiles. Current SCHOMBURG adhesive technology makes it possible. Exceptionally strong grab and high deformability guarantees the easy and assured fixing of large format tiles.
TopTEC The new TopTEC binder system is the basis for many SCHOMBURG products. Products in the TopTEC family excel through an outstanding combination of special properties such as rapid reactive hardening, increased assurance through extremely low shrinkage and a resource friendly ecological balance, for example.
EMICODE Many SCHOMBURG products also carry the EMICODE seal. EMICODE is a trademark protected logo for identifying installation materials, adhesives and construction products. These building products offer the best possible assurances against indoor air pollution. The EMICODE system forms the basis of an exactly defined test chamber determination to EN ISO 16000 with strict classification criteria. The tested building products are free from solvents and hazardous substances.
v er
y lo
io n
TILE
w e m is
s
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Selection of rules to be observed Heated and unheated surfaces
Liquid waterproofing and waterproofing membranes in showers and bathrooms
DIN EN 12004
Mortars and adhesives for tiles and boards – Definitions and specifications
DIN 18202
Tolerances in building construction
DIN 18352
Tiling and board-laying work
DIN 1045
Concrete, reinforced and pre-stressed concrete structures
DIN 18157
Execution of ceramic coverings using the thin-bed method
DIN EN 13813
Screed mortars, screed materials, floor screeds, properties and requirements
DIN 18534
Waterproofing interior areas
DIN 18560
Floor screeds in building construction
ZDB data sheet
Movement joints in cladding and coverings made of tiles and boards
DIBt Construction Products Lists
Parts A – C
Ceramic tiles and boards, natural stone and artificial stone on cement-based floor constructions
Bonded waterproof system
eramic tiles and boards, natural stones C and concrete stones on calcium sulphate bound screeds
ZDB data sheet - Technical information
BEB data sheet
Gypsum fibre boards, dry screeds, fibre cement and construction boards
Cement-based heated screeds of the central association of the sanitary, heating, air-conditioning industry: Interface coordination for heated screed constructions
Assessment and preparation of substrates
DIN 18183
Installation walls made of gypsum plasterboards
DIN 4103
Internal non-load bearing partition walls
Residual coverings, coatings, old tiles and paints DIN EN 12004
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Selection of rules to be observed Laboratory – Conductive coverings
Mastic asphalt DIN EN 12004
AGI
Worksheets p. 10–40
DIN 18354
Asphalt surface work
DIN EN 1081
Conductive
Metal, wood, plastic and polyester
DIN 55928
Parts 4 and 6 protection of steel structures against corrosion
Critical and cracked substrates DIN EN 12004
DIN 4102
Building construction standard
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Swimming pool and canteen kitchen
Substrate levelling
DIN 18535
DIN EN 998
Specifications for mortar and masonry construction
Bonded waterproof system Unplastered masonry work
Terraces and balconies DIN EN 12004
DIN 18531
Waterproofing of roofs as well as balconies, loggias and arcades
Exterior coverings
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Glossary Connecting joints Connecting joints may be required between the coverings and adjacent building components, including fixed installations. These are usually carried out in the thickness of the covering material; if necessary, also up to the contact or laying surface.
For the test, a sample is taken from the screed, finely ground, weighed and placed in the pressure vessel (CM device) and reacted with the calcium carbide. Upon completion of the reaction, the water content by percent in weight can be read off the device’s own manometer using the conversion tables.
eadiness to receive finishes R If hard finishing materials such as ceramic tiles or natural stone are to be installed on ‘green’ load spreading layers that are laid floating, there is a high risk of damage due to shrinkage and deformation. For this reason, the excess water in a floating screed must have diffused out as far as possible before installation is carried out with hard finishes. Assessing the readiness of a load spreading layer is carried out with the aid of the carbide (CM) method. The values necessary to determine the readiness to tile depends on the type of binder in the load spreading layer and the intended finish.
Thick-bed method The dampened tiles are laid on to a thick layer of cement-based mortar, whereby the mortar compensates for irregularities in the substrate. The mortar thickness is from 15 – 50 mm.
Movement joints External influences such as stresses and the varying behaviour of materials during temperature fluctuations cause strain between the building products used. This strain can be reduced to a damage free level by suitably incorporating movement joints. Buttering-Floating method A method to guarantee, as far as possible, a void free installation. The bedding mortar is applied to the substrate as well as to the rear of the board. Calcium sulphate screed (anhydrite screed) Screeds of this type are produced with calcium sulphate (anhydrite) as the binder, water and other aggregates if necessary and are very sensitive to moisture. CM device CM measurements (calcium carbide method) serve to determine the water content (moisture content) of a substrate and are based on the reaction between the water in the sample and calcium carbide.
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accuracy of the ceramic covering material. Structural movement joints Building joints are continuous through all load supporting and non-load supporting building components and must be formed in the same location in the tiled finish and to a width as defined in the building design plans.
Classification of adhesives according to DIN EN 12004; Definitions: C = Cement-based mortar D = Dispersion-based adhesive R = Reaction resin-based adhesive Thin-bed method 1 = Adhesive/mortar for normal Here the tiles are laid in a maximum of requirements 5 mm of adhesive. The adhesive can be a 2 = Adhesive/mortar with enhanced hydraulic thin-bed mortar, a dispersionspecification based adhesive or an epoxy resin-based F = Rapid hardening adhesive/mortar adhesive. The method certainly requires a (Fast) flat substrate, as the thin bed only allows T = Adhesive/mortar with reduced slip for light levelling. The bed is combed (Thixotropy) through with a notched trowel with the size E = Adhesive/mortar with extended of the notch depending on the size of the open time (Extended) tile. S1 = Ductile thin-bed mortar S1 deformation 2.5 mm < t < 5 mm Dispersion-based adhesive S2 = Highly ductile thin-bed mortar S2 As a rule, ready to use and highly deformation t > 5 mm deformable adhesives, which are mostly used with the thin-bed method in the interior Open time of buildings. The time in which the tile must be laid into the adhesive bed, after spreading, in order Ettringite to guarantee optimum bonding. Called Applying cement-based adhesives on adhesive open time or bedding time. gypsum in the presence of moisture penetration promotes the formation of the Crystalline binding of the mixing mineral ettringite. The resultant water considerable increase in volume leads to a Bedding mortars with crystalline binding of loss of adhesion at the bond interface. the mixing water are characterised by a high setting speed. The water is bound in Bay sizing joints a crystalline form and therefore offers Expansion joints in finishes, which are to be protection against curling and positioned as bay sizing joints, are joints to discolouration with natural stone. be formed through to the load supporting substrate or waterproof membrane. Medium-bed method This method still permits small irregularities Joint width of the substrate to be levelled during the An important criterion when choosing joint tiles and boards to be installed in width is the nature and the dimensional comparison to the thin-bed method (1–5 mm). Using the medium-bed method, the adhesive layer thickness is between 5–15 mm. In comparison to traditional thick-bed techniques
(15–50 mm), considerable weight is saved. Test certificates Test certificates serve as proof for the warranted material properties via the manufacturer and compiled by official material testing institutes to valid standards and test guidelines. Advice on available test certificates can be found in the technical data sheets for the products. Perimeter joints At wall transitions as well as with building components, which intersect the tiled finish, perimeter joints are necessary. These are formed in the same way as bay sizing joints. Moisture content Be it screed, tile adhesive or joint mortar, all hydraulically setting materials contain a certain amount of water even after their installation: i.e. the so-called moisture content. A cement-based screed on a separating layer or insulation is, for example, only ready for a tiled finish when there is still 2% or less moisture content measured. The remaining water evaporates slowly over many years up to a small amount (household moisture). The associated loss in volume is noticeable in the form of shrinkage and dimensional change. Reaction resin-based adhesives and grouts These mostly two-component systems are used where there are particularly high requirements for chemical resistance or there is a heavy duty mechanical load as required for applications in industry, commerce and swimming pools. Sound bridge Direct contact between building sections (wall, ceiling, floor, etc.) can promote the spread of sound. In order to avoid such occurrences, characterised as sound bridges, sound generating building sections are separated by insulation. For example, edging strips are incorporated
between a screed and the wall at the junction to prevent the transmission of impact sound. Crack control joints Arranged separating joints at a predetermined crack point in the freshly installed screed serve to alleviate shrinkage in the fresh screed resulting from the construction materials. As a rule, these produced joints are cut into the screed to a maximum depth of half the screed thickness and filled with an injection resin following the end of the shrinkage process. These joints don’t need to be considered when producing the floor finish. Rapid set adhesive These adhesives have a rapid setting behaviour. The adjustability time is generally shorter as a rule but the binding of the mixing water is quick. This is above all advantageous with natural stone types with a tendency to discolour or where there are time constraints. Shrinkage Shrinkage is understood to mean the shortening of a building material during its hardening/drying phases. Pot life Pot life indicates the maximum application duration of the mixed material. Dry screed board/dry screed flooring Following the modular design principle, a dry screed is produced from pre-finished boards that are glued or screwed together along grooves. The elements consist mostly of two or three layers. The advantages of this simple subfloor construction are that no moisture is brought into the house (compare household damp) and they are immediately for foot traffic. In gypsum-based systems, due to their sensitivity to moisture, take into account that their use in wet areas is restricted (only with a bonded waterproof membrane) and prohibits their use in the exterior area.
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Product diversity with system. Problems solved. You have your project – we have the solutions. When installing tiles, natural stone and screed, you can rely on complete systems for a wide variety of applications. SCHOMBURG offers you the right solution for every application and the right products for every solution. Primers, floor levelling compounds, waterproofing, tile adhesives, grouts – on our website you will find a range of precisely matched products for your project. schomburg.com
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Technical Services Telephone +49-5231-953-00 Fax +49-5231-953-6612 You can find further details for your personal contact partner on-site or your regional team at www.schomburg.com
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The SCHOMBURG Group develops, produces and distributes building product systems for the areas of: • • • •
Waterproofing and repair of buildings Tiles/natural stone/screed application Ground protection/floor coating systems Concrete technology
Experts value the quality and the efficiency of building product systems, the services and therefore the core competence of the group of companies. To meet the demanding requirements of an ever-changing market, we continuously invest in the research and development of new and already existing products. This guarantees an ever increasing product quality to the satisfaction of our customers.
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For over 80 years SCHOMBURG’s development competence has been a recognised feature in both the domestic and the worldwide marketplace. Building product systems that are produced in-house are highly prized around the world.